Stimulant medications are recommended as the first-line treatment for ADHD, but a number of preschool-aged children are given α2-adrenergic agonists despite limited evidence about efficacy. A recent study sought to investigate how well these medications work at controlling ADHD symptoms, and what side effects might be expected. The recent study, published in JAMA, aimed to investigate exactly how effective α2-adrenergic agonists could be compared to stimulants, and whether there were any negative effects from the medication.